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Fig. 1. —Retroperitoneal and interfascial planes. Drawing at level of renal hila shows that renal and lateroconal fasciae are laminated planes composed of apposed layers of embryonic mesentery. Thickness of interfascial planes is exaggerated to illustrate their potentially expansile nature. Note that perinephric spaces (PRS) are closed medially. Retromesenteric space is continuous across midline. Retromesenteric anterior interfascial space (RMP), retrorenal posterior interfascial space (RRS), and lateroconal plane communicate at fascial trifurcation (arrows). A = aorta, APS = anterior pararenal space, ARF = anterior renal fascia, DPS = dorsal pleural sinus, IVC = inferior vena cava, LCF = lateroconal fascia, PP = parietal peritoneum, PPS = posterior pararenal space, PRF = posterior renal fascia, TF = transversalis fascia, asterisk = posterior peritoneal recess. (Reprinted from [3])