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Fig. 4B. —Proteomic analysis of spreading depression–induced changes in neocortex of mouse 3 days after spreading depression. Polyacrylamide one-dimensional electrophoresis gel of right (experimental) cortex after fractionization 3 days after spreading depression. At least 56 upregulated or newly expressed protein bands in experimental hemisphere are shown. Mass analysis matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy identified half of upregulated proteins, which include extra- and intracellular structural components, metabolic proteins, kinases, and other miscellaneous gene products: (4) collagen alpha chain precursor, (5) clathrin heavy chain, (12) T complex protein delta, (15) vacuolar adenosine triphosphate synthetase subunit A, (17) syntaxin-binding protein, (21) tubulin, (22) calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II, (23) tubulin, (24) phosphoglycerate kinase, (25) actin, (27) fructose bisphosphonate aldolase, (31) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, (32) malate dehydrogenase (syntaxin 1A), (36) vacuolar adenosine triphosphate synthetase subunit E, (40) glutathione S-transferase P1, (41) superoxide dismutase precursor, (44) cofilin, (46) peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, (47) heat shock protein 70, (49) phosphatidylinositol transfer protein alpha isoform, (50) F-actin capping protein alpha isoform, and (53) creatine kinase.