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Fig.1. —Patterns of anomalous brachiocephalic veins. Four major patterns (a, a + b, b, and c) are depicted, with similar patterns in each row. Pattern a describes anomalous brachiocephalic veins crossing midline above aortic arch and behind its major cephalic branch. Pattern b defines anomalous brachiocephalic vein crossing midline beneath aortic arch, above pulmonary artery, and in front of patent ductal arteriosus. Pattern a + b is a hybrid of patterns a and b, partially sharing characteristics of both. Pattern c is anomalous brachiocephalic vein crossing midline beneath aortic arch, above pulmonary artery, and behind patent ductal arteriosus. Patterns to left of central perpendicular line are those associated with left-sided aortic arch (first subscript L). Subscript R indicates right-sided aortic arch; these patterns are shown right of central perpendicular line. Second and third subscripts are abbreviations for other coexisting great-vessel anomalies. Asc = aberrant left subclavian artery, bsvc = bilateral superior vena cava, d = double aortic arch, i = behind innominate artery, lsvc = left superior vena cava, retro = retroesophageal segment of proximal descending thoracic aorta. Numbers in brackets indicate number of such cases in this study.