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Figure 1


Fig. 1 —Diagram shows pulse sequence architecture of fat-suppressed 3D spoiled turbo field-echo sequence. First fat-suppression prepulse is applied before 2D navigator pulse to avoid fat signal contamination, which can lead to misrecognition of lung-liver interface because 2D navigator pulse is not chemical-shift selective. Second fat-suppression prepulse is used for 3D imaging of liver. Signals generated by navigator pulse are Fourier transformed in real time, and lung-liver interfaces in vivo are determined with cross-correlation method. In craniocaudal axis, prospective correction is achieved by updating frequency of volume-selective radiofrequency excitation pulse. During this 200-millisecond segment, pulse excitation and data acquisition for liver are repeated 39 times over approximately 140 milliseconds. This single segment is repeated 60 times over 12 seconds in single phase.