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Figure 5


Fig. 2B Chronic occlusion of right internal jugular vein shown on MR angiography in 63-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease and history of multiple prior central venous catheters. See also Figure S2, AVI images, at www.ajronline.org. Venous phase image shows abrupt nonvisualization of right internal jugular vein (asterisk) with large collateral vein (arrow) to right subclavian vein, consistent with longstanding chronic occlusion. Left internal jugular vein is not visualized but has multiple smaller left neck collaterals (arrowheads), suggestive of subacute occlusion. Left brachiocephalic vein is not visualized and is shown to be severely stenotic on high-spatial-resolution images (not shown). Left subclavian vein is not visualized but is shown to be widely patent on high-spatial-resolution images (not shown), likely secondary to physiologically slow flow.