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Eleven patients, 10 of whom had ulcerative colitis or proctitis of at least 5 years duration, were examined by double contrast enema and by colonoscopy with multiple biopsies of the colonic mucosa.
Roentgenology underestimated the extent or severity of the disease as assessed by biopsy in 8 out of 11 patients; for example, in 1 patient with roentgenologic evidence of involvement of the ascending and proximal transverse colon, biopsies showed a total colitis. In 2 patients, colonoscopy detected pseudopolyps and polyps which were not revealed by the double contrast barium enema examination.
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