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ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSIS OF SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS, EPIDURAL HEMATOMAS, BRAIN EDEMA AND BRAIN ATROPHY

JEFFREY ROTHMAN M.D. and MARTIN GERSHOWITZ B.S.

Use of the Hoffrel 21A ultrasonoscope in conjunction with a 2 megacycle transducer having a focal distance of 2.8 cm. gives great near side resolution.

Because of this an anatomic ultrasound demonstration of the lateral surface of the brain and adjacent interfaces is seen in the normal. Altered interface position and interface intensity can be seen in the abnormal giving a diagnostic picture.

In the abnormal as well as the normal the distances measured are the actual distances found in life, or a good approximation of those distances. Therefore, lesions such as subdural and epidural collections, cortical edema and brain atrophy may be diagnosed. This method has been found to be extremely accurate and sensitive.

The examination is useful for follow-up postoperative reaccumulation of fluid and resolution of brain edema.

Further work is needed on sinking of the brain as well as the width of the motor cortex in cases of brain atrophy.

The measurement of the gray matter in the motor cortex may be valuable in childhood mental retardation.


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