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1 Radiology Department, Veteran’s Administration Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
2 Radiology Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
3 Radiology Department, The Children’s Hospital, St. Paul, Minnesota.
A newborn infant with the respiratory distress syndrome in whom pulmonary venous air embolism (PVAE) developed as a complication of positive pressure therapy is reported. The underlying pathophysiology in this disorder is probably the development of alveolar-capillary fistulae secondary to unduly high intrabronchial pressures. An increased awareness by radiologists and clinicians of PVAE as a potential complication of aggressive respiratory therapy will result in more frequent recognition of this uncommon but lethal disorder.
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