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American Journal of Roentgenology, Vol 161, 943-946, Copyright © 1993 by American Roentgen Ray Society

ARTICLES

Cardioverter-defibrillator systems implanted without thoracotomy: radiographic findings

SR Chmielewski, HG Zegel, C Gottlieb and DB Freiman
Department of Medical Imaging, Presbyterian Medical Center of Philadelphia, PA 19104.

Ventricular arrhythmias are the primary cause of sudden death from heart disease in the United States. In the past decade, management of these arrhythmias has been revolutionized by the development of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). Earlier devices required thoracotomy for implantation (Fig. 1). Complications associated with the earlier devices include pneumothorax, pleural effusion, mediastinal infection, and, notably, crinkling of the patch and migration. The morbidity of median sternotomy has led to the development of ICDs that can be implanted without thoracotomy. We illustrate the normal radiographic appearance and complications of two recently developed ICD lead systems.
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Copyright © 1993 by the American Roentgen Ray Society.