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1 Present address: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Hospital and
Clinic, Madison, WI 53792.
2 Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN
55905.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to determine the natural
history of small (
2 cm) simple pancreatic cystic lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective review was performed of
patients with long-term follow-up who were diagnosed with small (
2 cm)
simple pancreatic cysts on sonography or CT from 1985 to 1996. Long-term
surveillance included radiographic surveillance of 5 years or longer, clinical
follow-up of 8 years or longer, or response to questionnaire or telephone
inquiry 8 year or longer after the original diagnosis. Cause of death was
recorded for patients who died within 58 years of diagnosis. Patients
were excluded if a history of pancreatitis or systemic cystic disease
existed.
RESULTS. Seventy-nine patients had small simple pancreatic cysts. Forty-nine (62%) had adequate radiologic, clinical, or questionnaire follow-up. Of the 22 patients with radiologic follow-up, 13 (59%) had cysts that remained unchanged or became smaller (mean size, 8 mm; mean follow-up, 9 years), and nine (41%) had cysts that enlarged, from a mean of 14 mm to a mean of 26 mm (mean follow-up, 8 years). Of the 27 patients with clinical or questionnaire follow-up (mean follow-up, 10 years), none developed symptomatic pancreatic disease. Eighteen patients (23%) died within 8 years without adequate radiologic follow-up, none of pancreas-related causes. Twelve patients (15%) were lost to follow-up.
CONCLUSION. Although small, incidental, simple pancreatic cysts of 2 cm or smaller may enlarge over a prolonged time, morbidity or mortality due to these small simple cysts is extremely unlikely, and observation appears to be a safe management option.
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