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Diagnostic Performance of MDCT for Detecting Aortic Valve Regurgitation

¹ Clinical Department of Radiology II, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
² Clinical Department of Cardiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
³ Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

OBJECTIVE. This study evaluates whether ECG-gated 16-MDCT coronary angiography provides a reliable imaging technique for detecting aortic regurgitation (AR).

SUBJECTS AND METHODS. We examined 71 patients prospectively with 16-MDCT angiography using retrospective ECG gating during the mid-to-end diastolic phase. A visible central valvular leakage area was considered as a diagnostic criterion for AR. The central valvular leakage area was quantified in patients with positive transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). We compared 16-MDCT to Doppler TTE, the accepted diagnostic standard based on semiquantitative regurgitation jet analysis (grade 0-3+ for mild, moderate, and severe).

RESULTS. The overall sensitivity of 16-MDCT for the identification of patients with AR was 81%. The specificity was 91%, the negative predictive value was 70%, and the positive predictive value was 95%. Of the 71 patients, 48 had AR determined by TTE, and 16-MDCT correctly detected AR in 39 of those 48 patients. The sensitivity of 16-MDCT for the detection of patients with moderate and severe AR (grade 1.5+) was 95%, and the specificity was 96% (20 of 21 patients). The sensitivity of 16-MDCT for identification of patients with mild AR (grade 1+) was 70%, and the specificity was 92% (19 of 27 patients). Quantification of the central valvular leakage area was not possible in 50% of cases with AR by TTE because of valve calcifications.

CONCLUSION. Sixteen-MDCT coronary angiography provides an accurate, noninvasive imaging technique to detect moderate and severe aortic regurgitation (grade 1.5+). However, severe valve calcifications and mild AR limit its results.

Keywords: aortic valve disease • CT coronary angiography • CT coronary arteriography • heart • MDCT

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