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Opposed-Phase MRI for Fat Quantification in Fat-Water Phantoms with ¹H MR Spectroscopy to Resolve Ambiguity of Fat or Water Dominance

¹ Westwood Radiology Associates, Pascack Valley Hospital, Westwood, NY 07675.
² Department of Radiology, NYU Medical Center, 560 First Ave., TCH-HW 202, New York, NY 10016.
³ Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA 19355.
⁴ Department of Radiology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, East Brunswick, NJ 08816.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of the study was to quantify the fat fraction in nine fat-water phantoms containing 0-80% fat using opposed-phase imaging with the qualitative guidance of ¹H MR spectroscopy (MRS), which was used by observer 1 to visually assess the sizes of the water and fat peaks to apply two alternative mathematic formulas for the calculation of the fat fraction. In addition, the fat fraction was also quantified directly with ¹H MRS as an independent method by two observers (observers 2 and 3).

CONCLUSION. The fat fraction calculated with opposed-phase imaging (FF_OPI) and that calculated with ¹H MRS (FF_MRS) correlated well with the known fat fractions of the phantoms (FF_P): r = 0.99 for FF_OPI; p < 0.0001 and r = 0.96-0.98 for FF_MRS; p < 0.001, for observers 2 and 3, respectively. Opposed-phase imaging should be combined with ¹H MRS to ensure accurate quantification of the fat fraction.

Keywords: liver disease • MRI • SPECT

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