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DOI:10.2214/AJR.05.1427
AJR 2006; 187:1357-1360
© American Roentgen Ray Society


Original Research

Optimal CT Breathing Protocol for Combined Thoracic PET/CT

Matthew D. Gilman1,2, Alan J. Fischman1, Vikram Krishnasetty1, Elkan F. Halpern3 and Suzanne L. Aquino1

1 Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, FND 202, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114.
2 Present address: Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
3 Institute for Technology Assessment, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal breathing protocol for combined PET/CT scans of the thorax.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Eighty combined PET/CT scans were obtained in 64 patients (30 women, 34 men; mean age, 57 years; range, 19-86 years). The 80 PET/CT scans consisted of five group of patients (16 PET/CT scans per group) who underwent whole-body combined 18F-FDG PET/CT with different CT breathing protocols: expiration, mid suspended breath-hold, quiet breathing, small breath in, and regular breath in. The quality of alignment was analyzed at the diaphragm, aortic arch, heart, thoracic spine, and lung apices using a scale of ratings from 1 (very poor) to 5 (excellent). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare alignment between breathing protocols for each anatomic reference point.

RESULTS. Alignment of the PET and CT data sets was excellent with three breathing protocols: expiration, mid suspended breath-hold, and quiet breathing, with no statistical differences. Significant misalignment occurred at the diaphragm (p < 0.0001) and heart (p < 0.0001) with the small breath-in and regular breath-in techniques.

CONCLUSION. Excellent image fusion of combined PET/CT data sets in the thorax, especially at the diaphragm and heart, can be achieved with expiration, mid suspended breath-hold, or quiet breathing. Quiet breathing is recommended for optimal patient comfort during acquisition of attenuation-correction CT data sets.

Keywords: computer-assisted • image analysis • CT • image reconstruction • positron emission • PET/CT


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