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Prevalence and Location of Acetabular Sublabral Sulci at Hip Arthroscopy with Retrospective MRI Review

¹ Department of Radiology, The Northern Hospital, 185 Cooper St., Epping, Victoria 3076, Australia.
² Symbion Health Limited, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
³ Department of Radiology, The Epworth Hospital, Richmond, Victoria, Australia.
⁴ California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.
⁵ Orthopedic Clinic and Mercy Health, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

OBJECTIVE. The objective of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence and location of acetabular sublabral sulci diagnosed as variants at hip arthroscopy and to provide a retrospective MRI review.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS. Two experienced hip arthroscopists noted the prevalence and location of acetabular labral sulci in 121 patients. The study population consisted of 57 males and 64 females with an average age of 43 years (range, 16-70 years). Of the 121 hip arthroscopies that showed sulci (22% of patients), correlation with the relevant MR studies (n = 27) was performed. Two radiologists who were aware of the arthroscopic findings reviewed the MR studies retrospectively, and agreement on imaging appearances was reached by consensus.

RESULTS. Arthroscopy revealed 30 sulci (25%) in 27 of the 121 patients. In those who had a single sulcus (25 patients), 11 (44%) were located anterosuperiorly, 12 (48%) posteroinferiorly, one (4%) anteroinferiorly, and one (4%) posterosuperiorly. The other two patients had more than one sulcus: one patient had one posterosuperior sulcus and one posteroinferior sulcus; and the other patient had one anterosuperior sulcus, one anteroinferior sulcus, and one posteroinferior sulcus. In total, of the 121 patients, the number and position of the sulci were 12 anterosuperior (10%), 14 posteroinferior (12%), two anteroinferior (2%), and two posterosuperior (2%). Of the 27 MR examinations, 24 were unenhanced and three studies were performed after intraarticular injection of gadolinium. In these 27 patients, a total of 30 sulci were detected at arthroscopy. On retrospective MR review of both the conventional and gadolinium-enhanced studies, nine (75%) of the 12 anterosuperior sulci could be visualized. Ten (71%) of the 14 posteroinferior sulci were also identified. Neither of the two anteroinferior sulci could be seen. Both of the posterosuperior sulci were evident. Of the conventional MR studies, of a potential of 27, 18 (70%) were identified on conventional imaging.

CONCLUSION. Sulci of the hip exist (22% of patients) and can be found at all anatomic positions (i.e., anterosuperior, anteroinferior, posterosuperior, and posteroinferior) of the hip. These sulci can be visualized on MRI with an accuracy of 70% using a nongadolinium technique.

Keywords: hip anatomy • hip arthroscopy • labral sulci • MRI • musculoskeletal imaging

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