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Original Research |
1 Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine,
510 S Kingshighway Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110.
2 Present address: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
15213.
3 Present address: Radiology Department, Chungnam National University School of
Medicine, Dae Jon, Korea 301-721.
OBJECTIVE. This study was performed to compare standard- and low-radiation-dose techniques in the CT quantification of emphysema.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study population consisted of 36 men and 20 women who were current or former heavy smokers and underwent standard-dose (effective tube current, 100-250 mAs) chest CT at our institution within 6 months of having undergone low-dose (effective tube current, 30-60 mAs) chest CT. All CT scans were reconstructed at 5-mm slice thickness with a smooth filter. CT-measured lung volume, mean and median lung attenuation, and percentage of lung volume with attenuation lower than multiple thresholds (emphysema index values) were compared by Pearson correlation, two-tailed and paired Student's t tests, and regression analysis.
RESULTS. There were no significant differences in mean attenuation
(-848 vs -846 H, p > 0.35) for the low dose and the standard dose
or in median lung attenuation (-879 vs -878 H, p > 0.66). Low- and
standard-dose emphysema indexes were correlated at all attenuation thresholds
(r = 0.86-0.97). Mean emphysema indexes were higher on the low-dose
scans, but the mean difference at all thresholds was less than 3%. The
differences were significant (p < 0.05) only at the lower index
thresholds, correlated with differences in lung volume (r 
0.86),
and increased with greater differences in dose.
CONCLUSION. Low-dose technique has minimal effect on CT quantification of emphysema.
Keywords: CT technique • lung diseases
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