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Patient Expectations of Full-Body CT Screening

¹ Department of Professional Development & Continuing Medical Education, JFK Medical Center, 65 James St., Edison, NJ 08818.
² Department of Health Sciences, Seton Hall University, School of Graduate Medical Education, South Orange, NJ.

OBJECTIVE. Despite limited scientific evidence about its risks and benefits, full-body CT screening is available to self-referred individuals. The purpose of this study was to develop a scientific knowledge base about patient expectations of the procedure and to determine whether characteristics of patients influence their expectations of its health benefits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Facilities from six diverse, geographically representative U.S. regions performing full-body CT screening were used as the study sites. A pretestonly descriptive survey design was used to study 94 patient volunteers scheduled to undergo full-body CT screening. Descriptive statistics were used in examining information about the demographics, health, and knowledge characteristics of the patients. The chi-square test for independence and Spearman's correlation coefficient for ranked data were used to analyze associations among patient characteristics and responses to expectation statements. An alpha value of 0.05 was the level of significance.

RESULTS. Survey participants were 35-65 years old, predominantly white, married, and health conscious with income and educational levels several times above the national averages. The patients' highest expectations related to consumer empowerment and their lowest expectations related to the limitations of the procedure. The five patient characteristics found to have significant associations with patient expectations were patient sex; referral method; level of personal health concern; number of other health screening procedures patient had undergone; and patients' self-estimations of their current health status.

CONCLUSION. This study provided quantitative and descriptive data that are consistent with and add to the existing, primarily anecdotal, knowledge base about patients' expectations of full-body CT screening. These findings can be used to educate patients before they provide informed consent for the procedure.

Keywords: CT • CT screening • full-body CT • patient expectations • radiologic screening • self-referral • whole-body CT

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