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DOI:10.2214/AJR.07.2874
AJR 2008; 190:1396-1405
© American Roentgen Ray Society


Pictorial Essay

An Introduction to the Fourier Transform: Relationship to MRI

Thomas A. Gallagher1, Alexander J. Nemeth1,2 and Lotfi Hacein-Bey1

1 Department of Radiology, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 S First Ave., Maywood, IL 60153.
2 Present address: Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

OBJECTIVE. The Fourier transform, a fundamental mathematic tool widely used in signal analysis, is ubiquitous in radiology and integral to modern MR image formation. Understanding MRI techniques requires a basic understanding of what the Fourier transform accomplishes. MR image encoding, filling of k-space, and a wide spectrum of artifacts are all rooted in the Fourier transform.

CONCLUSION. This article illustrates these basic Fourier principles and their relationship to MRI.

Keywords: Fourier transform • Gibbs artifact • k-space


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