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Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

Radiologic Features and Pathologic Correlations

Jin Seong Lee1,2, Rubin Tuder3 and David A. Lynch1

1 Department of Radiology, Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 4200 E. 9th Ave., Box A030, Denver, CO 80262.
2 Present address: Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 388-1 Poongnar-Dong, Songpa-Ku, Seoul, 138-040 South Korea.
3 Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80262.



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Fig. 1. 35-year-old man who presented with cerebral symptoms with enhancing brain mass on CT. CT image shows well-defined and poorly defined nodules throughout lung. Most nodules are smaller than 1 cm. Nodules are located along bronchovascular structures or interlobular septa.

 


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Fig. 2. 59-year-old man who presented with abnormal findings on chest radiography. CT image at level of lung apex shows several small thin-walled cysts, 1-2 cm in diameter. Histopathology revealed extensive confluent coagulative necrosis, often with presence of pulmonary vessels infiltrated by lymphoma. Areas of necrosis were surrounded by lymphoepithelioid infiltrate with focal formation of poorly formed granulomas.

 


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Fig. 3A. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. Photomicrograph of mediumsized pulmonary artery shows infiltration of intima and subintima (arrow) by intense lymphomononuclear infiltrate, resulting in destruction of vascular wall. Note reduced vascular lumen. (H and E, x200)

 


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Fig. 3B. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. High-magnification photomicrograph shows atypical lymphomononuclear cell infiltrate composed predominantly of large cells infiltrating vascular wall seen in A. (H and E, x600)

 


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Fig. 3C. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. Photomicrograph of B-cell (CD20)—labeled tissue shows that malignant cells react predominantly with B-cell marker. (x400)

 


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Fig. 3D. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. Photomicrograph of CD3-labeled cells shows only patchy reactivity with this T-cell marker.

 


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Fig. 3E. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. Photomicrograph of cells labeled by in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus shows that malignant lymphocytes exhibit Epstein-Barr virus DNA (arrows). (x600)

 


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Fig. 3F. 83-year-old man who presented with left upper lobe mass on chest radiography. v = vascular lumen. CT image at level of right upper lobar bronchus shows mass in posterior segment of right upper lobe coexisting with bilateral small nodules. Architecture of bronchovascular bundle of left upper lobe is distorted.

 


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Fig. 4A. 48-year-old woman who presented with hypercalcemia and multiple pulmonary nodules. CT image reveals multiple large conglomerated masses with air bronchogram. Numerous small nodules have aggregated to form well-defined irregularly marginated nodules of variable size.

 


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Fig. 4B. 48-year-old woman who presented with hypercalcemia and multiple pulmonary nodules. CT image at same level as A, obtained after patient underwent treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone for 6 months, reveals nodules and masses are smaller and have almost disappeared. However, coarse linear opacities along bronchovascular bundle have become more abundant.

 


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Fig. 5A. 42-year-old woman with pulmonary arterial occlusion caused by lymphomatoid granulomatosis. T1-weighted MR axial image at level of right main pulmonary artery shows several irregular nodules in peripheral lung parenchyma. Mass or thrombus is noted in right pulmonary artery, extending into lumen of main pulmonary artery (arrow). Descending left pulmonary artery is occluded.

 


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Fig. 5B. 42-year-old woman with pulmonary arterial occlusion caused by lymphomatoid granulomatosis. T1-weighted MR sagittal image through left main pulmonary artery shows severe thickening of artery wall (arrows), with complete occlusion of artery by thrombosis or tumor. Note left suprahilar mass (arrowhead).

 

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