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Dose Reduction in Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Fluoroscopy

Use of Grid-Controlled Pulsed Fluoroscopy

Giles W. L. Boland1, Brian Murphy, Ron Arellano, Loren Niklason and Peter R. Mueller

1 All authors: Division of Abdominal Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, White 270, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114.



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  		Fig. 1. —Drawing shows X-ray pulse output from conventional pulsed fluoroscopic system and grid-controlled fluoroscopic system. Note absence of ramping and trailing effect with grid-controlled fluoroscopy.

 


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  		Fig. 2. —Drawing shows X-ray tube with additional negatively charged grid (white arrow) that can be switched on and off to generate discrete pulsed fluoroscopy. Note cathode (curved arrow) and anode (black arrow).

 

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