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Central Osteophytes in the Knee

Prevalence and Association with Cartilage Defects on MR Imaging

Thomas R. McCauley1, Peter R. Kornaat1,2 and Won-Hee Jee1,3

1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., Rm. MRC 147, New Haven, CT 06520.
2 Present address: Department of Radiology, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
3 Present address: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 037-040, Korea.



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  		Fig. 1A. —46-year-old man with two central osteophytes associated with grade 4 articular cartilage defects. Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 40/6; flip angle, 40°) shows central osteophyte (white arrow) at lateral femoral condyle incompletely filling base of cartilage defect (arrowheads). Normal articular cartilage, which has high signal intensity on fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR images, is seen posteriorly (black arrow).

 


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  		Fig. 1B. —46-year-old man with two central osteophytes associated with grade 4 articular cartilage defects. Sagittal T1-weighted MR image (600/14) obtained at same location as A shows fat signal in central osteophyte (arrow).

 


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  		Fig. 1C. —46-year-old man with two central osteophytes associated with grade 4 articular cartilage defects. Fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR image (40/6; flip angle, 40°) shows central osteophyte (arrow) completely filling base of cartilage defect (arrowheads).

 


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  		Fig. 1D. —46-year-old man with two central osteophytes associated with grade 4 articular cartilage defects. Sagittal T1-weighted MR image (600/14) obtained at same location as A shows fat signal in central osteophyte (straight arrow). Complex tear can be seen in posterior horn of medial meniscus (curved arrow). Note thin layer of high signal intensity covers surface of osteophytes in A and C, and note that both osteophytes involve weight-bearing surface of condyle.

 


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  		Fig. 2A. —59-year-old woman with central osteophyte at medial femoral condyle that fills base of articular cartilage defect. Sagittal fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 40/6; flip angle, 40°) shows central osteophyte (solid straight arrow) and marginal osteophytes (curved arrows). Full-thickness articular cartilage defects (open arrows) that are separate from central osteophyte can be seen at femoral condyle and tibial plateau along with subchondral signal abnormality beneath tibial plateau defect.

 


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  		Fig. 2B. —59-year-old woman with central osteophyte at medial femoral condyle that fills base of articular cartilage defect. Sagittal T1-weighted MR image (600/14) shows central osteophyte (straight arrow) and marginal osteophytes (curved arrows) with fat signal from marrow extending into osteophytes.

 


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  		Fig. 3. —50-year-old woman with central osteophyte (arrow) at lateral facet of patella on sagittal fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 40/6; flip angle, 40°). This is one of only three of 35 central osteophytes not covered by thin layer of high signal intensity.

 


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  		Fig. 4A. —54-year-old woman with central osteophyte at patella. Sagittal fat-suppressed three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 40/6; flip angle, 40°) shows subarticular osteophyte (arrow) with extensive articular cartilage loss at patella and trochlear groove and underlying foci of increased subchondral signal (arrowheads).

 


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  		Fig. 4B. —54-year-old woman with central osteophyte at patella. Lateral radiograph shows subarticular osteophyte (arrow) with subarticular lucencies (arrowheads) corresponding to subarticular signal abnormalities shown in A.

 

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