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Thick-Section Half-Fourier Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement MR Cholangiopancreatography

Effects of IV Administration of Gadolinium Chelate

Masayuki Kanematsu1, Masayuki Matsuo1, Yoshimune Shiratori2, Hiroshi Kondo1, Hiroaki Hoshi1, Ichiro Yasuda2 and Hisataka Moriwaki2

1 Department of Radiology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasamachi, Gifu, Japan, 500-8705.
2 First Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan, 500-8705.



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  		Fig. 1A. —61-year-old man without pancreaticobiliary disease. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 30 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that depiction of main pancreatic duct (arrows) significantly improves in B.

 


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  		Fig. 1B. —61-year-old man without pancreaticobiliary disease. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 30 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that depiction of main pancreatic duct (arrows) significantly improves in B.

 


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  		Fig. 2A. —72-year-old woman without pancreaticobiliary disease. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is obviously lower in B, producing better conspicuity of main pancreatic duct (arrows).

 


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  		Fig. 2B. —72-year-old woman without pancreaticobiliary disease. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is obviously lower in B, producing better conspicuity of main pancreatic duct (arrows).

 


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  		Fig. 3A. —37-year-old woman who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is lower in B, and right renal pelvis (curved arrow in A) disappears in B. Note that conspicuity of main pancreatic duct (straight arrow, A and B) is decreased in B.

 


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  		Fig. 3B. —37-year-old woman who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is lower in B, and right renal pelvis (curved arrow in A) disappears in B. Note that conspicuity of main pancreatic duct (straight arrow, A and B) is decreased in B.

 


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  		Fig. 4A. —35-year-old woman with choledochal cyst and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is lower in B. Anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (large arrow, B), which is obscured in A, is faintly but better depicted in B. Note main pancreatic duct (small arrows, B), abnormally long common channel (open curved arrow, B), and duct of Santorini (solid curved arrow, B).

 


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  		Fig. 4B. —35-year-old woman with choledochal cyst and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union. Anterior thick-section half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR cholangiopancreatograms (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 40 mm) obtained before (A) and after (B) IV administration of gadolinium chelate show that signal intensity of background structures is lower in B. Anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union (large arrow, B), which is obscured in A, is faintly but better depicted in B. Note main pancreatic duct (small arrows, B), abnormally long common channel (open curved arrow, B), and duct of Santorini (solid curved arrow, B).

 


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  		Fig. 4C. —35-year-old woman with choledochal cyst and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography confirms connections of choledochal cyst and anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union.

 


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  		Fig. 5. —MR images (TR/TE, infinite/1034; section thickness, 50 mm) of plain agar phantom (top left) and agar phantom with gadolinium chelate dissolved at concentrations of 0.1 (top right), 0.3 (bottom left), and 0.5 (bottom right) mmol/L. Signal intensity of agar (asterisk) decreases as concentration of gadolinium chelate increases. Signal intensity of hematocrit tube filled with normal saline solution (arrow) also decreases as concentration of gadolinium chelate increases, but conspicuity of hematocrit tube is good at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L.

 


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  		Fig. 6. —Line chart shows transition of signal intensity of agar ([UNK]) and hematocrit tube filled with normal saline solution ([UNK]) for concentrations of gadolinium chelate in agar. Signal intensities of agar and hematocrit tube constantly decrease as concentration of gadolinium chelate increases.

 


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  		Fig. 7. —Line chart shows transition of contrast-to-noise ratio of hematocrit tube filled with normal saline solution for concentrations of gadolinium chelate in agar. Contrast-to-noise ratio increases as concentrations of gadolinium-chelate increases.

 


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  		Fig. 8. —Line chart shows transition of T2 ([UNK]) and T2* ([UNK]) relaxation times of agar. T2 and T2* relaxation times constantly decrease as concentration of gadolinium chelate increases.

 

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