Diffusion-Weighted Echoplanar MR Imaging of the Salivary Glands
Misa Sumi1,
Yukinori Takagi1,
Masataka Uetani2,
Minoru Morikawa2,
Kuniaki Hayashi2,
Hiroyuki Kabasawa3,
Katsuhiko Aikawa2 and
Takashi Nakamura1
1
Department of Radiology and Cancer Biology, Nagasaki University School of
Dentistry, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.
2
Department of Radiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki
852-8501, Japan.
3
General Electric Yokogawa Medical Systems, 4-7-127 Asahigaoka, Hino 191-8503,
Japan.
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Fig. 1A. —24-year-old man with healthy parotid glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 0 sec/mm2 shows high signal intensities
differentiating from neighboring structures.
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Fig. 1B. —24-year-old man with healthy parotid glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 500 sec/mm2 shows defined contour with
relatively high signal intensities compared with neighboring muscles.
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Fig. 1C. —24-year-old man with healthy parotid glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 1,000 sec/mm2 shows gland signals sufficient
for apparent diffusion coefficient determination.
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Fig. 2A. —25-year-old man with healthy submandibular glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of submandibular gland
(arrows) at b factor of 0 sec/mm2 shows high
signal intensities differentiating from neighboring structures.
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Fig. 2B. —25-year-old man with healthy submandibular glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of submandibular gland
(arrows) at b factor of 500 sec/mm2 shows defined
gland contour.
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Fig. 2C. —25-year-old man with healthy submandibular glands. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of submandibular gland
(arrows) at b factor of 1,000 sec/mm2 shows gland
signals sufficient for apparent diffusion coefficient determination.
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Fig. 3. —Graph shows signal attenuation levels for parotid (PG) and
submandibular (SMG) glands versus varying b factors (0, 500, or 1,000
sec/mm2). Note that b factors of 500 and 1,000 were used
to suppress perfusion factors involved. In = natural logarithm.
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Fig. 4A. —70-year-old woman with sialoadenitis. Axial fat-suppressed
T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR image (TR/TE, 3,200/96; excitations, 2) of
parotid gland (arrows) shows abscess formation
(asterisk).
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Fig. 4B. —70-year-old woman with sialoadenitis. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 500 sec/mm2 shows abscess formation
(asterisk). Note that signals from abscess are still high relative to
gland parenchyma.
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Fig. 4C. —70-year-old woman with sialoadenitis. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 1,000 sec/mm2 shows abscess formation
(asterisk). Note that signals from abscess are readily detectable but
low from gland parenchyma, reflecting low apparent diffusion coefficient of
abscess.
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Fig. 5A. —71-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 0 sec/mm2 shows characteristic MR feature of
salivary gland affected by Sjögren's syndrome.
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Fig. 5B. —71-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 500 sec/mm2 shows irregular distribution of
high signal intensity in gland. Note that signal intensity is high in some
parts but decreased in other parts.
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Fig. 5C. —71-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome. Axial
diffusion-weighted echoplanar MR image of parotid gland (arrows) at
b factor of 1,000 sec/mm2 shows that high-intensity
signals are still observed in some parts of gland.
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Fig. 6. —Graph shows apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) of parotid
glands plotted against salivary flow rates (Saxon's test) in 19 patients with
Sjögren's syndrome. Note that apparent diffusion coefficient is
correlated with salivary flow function.
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Fig. 7. —Graph shows apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) of parotid
glands plotted against severity of parotid gland damage as assessed on
T1-weighted MR images in 20 patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Note that
apparent diffusion coefficient is correlated with severity of gland classified
on MR images.
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Fig. 8. —Graph shows apparent diffusion coefficients of parotid glands
plotted against sialographic stages of parotid gland in 19 patients with
Sjögren's syndrome. Note that no unidirectional correlation is present
between apparent diffusion coefficient and sialographic staging of
Sjögren's syndrome.
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Copyright © 2002 by the American Roentgen Ray Society.
