Combined Sonographic and Fluoroscopic Guidance During Transjugular Hepatic Biopsies Performed in Children: A Retrospective Study of 74 Biopsies
Krzysztof Habdank1,
Ricardo Restrepo1,
Vicky Ng2,
Bairbre L. Connolly1,
Michael J. Temple1,
Joao Amaral1 and
Peter G. Chait1
1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555
University Ave., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.
2 Department of Gastroenterology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.

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Fig. 1. 14-year-old girl with fulminant hepatic failure. Wedge
venogram obtained via right hepatic vein (arrow) shows parenchymal
stain and hepatofugal flow from portal vein (arrowheads).
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Fig. 2A. 7-year-old girl with graft-versus-host disease. Sagittal
sonogram of liver clearly depicts stiffening cannula (arrowhead).
Note that if biopsy had been performed from this position, gallbladder
(arrow) would have been punctured.
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Fig. 2B. 7-year-old girl with graft-versus-host disease. Sagittal
sonogram acquired at same level as A after repositioning needle
(arrowhead) away from gallbladder (arrow). Expected pathway
of needle (calipers) can be measured (2.2 cm).
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Fig. 3. 10-year-old boy with Wilson's disease. Fluoroscopic image
obtained after biopsy needle was fired does not reveal exact location of
needle tip.
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Fig. 4. 5-month-old boy with coagulopathy and undiagnosed metabolic
disease. Subtracted image of venogram obtained using left internal jugular
approach shows right internal jugular central venous line (arrow) and
middle hepatic vein (arrowhead) where biopsy was performed.
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Copyright © 2003 by the American Roentgen Ray Society.