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MR Imaging Features of Thyrotropin-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas at Initial Presentation

Nicholas J. Sarlis1,2, Loukas Gourgiotis1, Christian A. Koch3,4, Monica C. Skarulis5, Françoise Brucker-Davis6, John L. Doppman7,8, Edward H. Oldfield9 and Nicholas J. Patronas7

1 Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rm. 8D04, Bldg. 10, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892.
2 Present address: Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 435, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030-4009.
3 Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rm. 9D42, Bldg. 10, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892.
4 Present address: Department of Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str. 27, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany.
5 Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rm. 8D12C, Bldg. 10, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892.
6 Department of Endocrine Medicine and Diabetes, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Nice (CHUN), Nice, Cedex 01, F-06002, France.
7 Department of Radiology, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Rm. 1C635, Bldg. 10, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892.
8 Deceased.
9 Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Rm. 5D37, Bldg. 10, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892.



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Fig. 1. —Drawing shows staging system for thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenomas used in our study. ICA = internal carotid artery, CSI = cavernous sinus invasion, SSI = sphenoid sinus invasion, SSE = suprasellar extension.

 


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Fig. 2. —38-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image shows hypoenhancing appearance of microadenoma (arrow) with regard to normal pituitary gland.

 


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Fig. 3. —46-year-old-man with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image shows grade 2 cavernous sinus invasion and grade 2 sphenoid sinus invasion (arrow) by tumor.

 


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Fig. 4. —57-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image shows grade 2 cavernous sinus invasion (black arrow) and grade 3 suprasellar extension (white arrow) of tumor.

 


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Fig. 5. —50-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image shows grade 3 suprasellar tumor extension and significant distortion of normal pituitary anatomy (arrows) (capping).

 


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Fig. 6A. —48-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image obtained in coronal plane shows grade 3 tumor invasion in both suprasellar space (black arrowheads) and sphenoid sinus (white arrowhead).

 


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Fig. 6B. —48-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image obtained in lateral plane shows grade 3 tumor invasion in both suprasellar space (black arrowhead) and sphenoid sinus (white arrowheads).

 


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Fig. 6C. —48-year-old woman with thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma. MR image obtained in coronal plane (more posteriorly located than A) shows grade 3 tumor invasion in all three axes: suprasellar space (black arrowhead), cavernous sinuses bilaterally (black arrows), and sphenoid sinus (white arrows).

 


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Fig. 7. —Graph shows correlation between tumor volume in cubic centimeters and cumulative score according to staging system used in our study. As expected, strong positive log-linear correlation is evident, along with 95% confidence interval curves for this correlation.

 

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