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Bone Marrow Fat and Bone Mineral Density on Proton MR Spectroscopy and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: Their Ratio as a New Indicator of Bone Weakening

D. Schellinger1, C. S. Lin1, J. Lim2, H. G. Hatipoglu1, J. C. Pezzullo3 and A. J. Singer2

1 Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital and Georgetown University, 3800 Reservoir Rd., NW, Washington, DC 20007.
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University Hospital and Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007.
3 School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Georgetown University Hospital and Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007.



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  		Fig. 1A. —MR images of lumbar spine in three different subjects. 64-year-old woman with early anterior wedging of L2 and L3 (arrows). Bone marrow fat was 54 (mildly elevated for age), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) T score was –2.83.

 


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  		Fig. 1B. —MR images of lumbar spine in three different subjects. 61-year-old woman with prominent Schmorl's node at L1. Bone marrow fat was 61.4 (mildly elevated for age), and DEXA T score was –1.58.

 


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  		Fig. 1C. —MR images of lumbar spine in three different subjects. 70-year-old man with vertebral compression of L1. Bone marrow fat was 69.5 (moderately elevated for age), and DEXA T score was –2.67.

 


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  		Fig. 2. —Graph shows comparison of bone marrow fat (percentage fat fraction ff) and bone mineral density (BMD [g/cm2]) of lumbar vertebrae from 26 subjects. Each data point represents an average value of BMF and BMD for 26 lumbar spines (71 vertebrae). Data points in the right box (dotted lines) represent subjects with BMD in the osteopenia range (0.75–0.9 g/cm2). Data points in left box represent BMD less than 0.75 g/cm2 and signify osteoporosis. Square gray boxes = subjects with weakened vertebrae, diamond-shaped black boxes = subjects with normal vertebrae.

 

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