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Ablation of Liver Tumor by Injection of Hypertonic Saline

Yung-Chang Lin1,2, Jeon-Hor Chen3, Kun-Wan Han1,2 and Wu-Chung Shen3

1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
2 Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
3 Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yuh-Der Rd., Taichung 404, Taiwan.



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  		Fig. 1. —Graph shows effect of different concentration of NaCl on viability of VX2 cancer cells.

 


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  		Fig. 2. —Graph depicts change of blood chloride concentration after injection of different amounts of hypertonic saline: 1 ({diamondsuit}), 2.5 ({blacksquare}), 5 ({blacktriangleup}), and 8 (•) mL.

 


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  		Fig. 3. —Graph shows change of blood sodium concentration after injection of different amounts of hypertonic saline: 1 ({diamondsuit}), 2.5 ({blacksquare}), 5 ({blacktriangleup}), and 8 (•) mL.

 


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  		Fig. 4. —Graph depicts effect of different amounts of hypertonic saline on creating necrotic area of liver tissue (y = 1.5028x–0.3295, R2 = 0.8683).

 


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  		Fig. 5. —Graph shows survival time of rabbits treated with hypertonic saline and normal saline. White bar represents treated rabbits; black bar represents controls.

 


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  		Fig. 6A. —Effect of hypertonic saline on normal liver tissue in rabbit. Enhanced CT scan of rabbit liver 10 days after injection of 1.5 mL of hypertonic saline shows well-demarcated and unenhanced hypodense necrotic area.

 


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  		Fig. 6B. —Effect of hypertonic saline on normal liver tissue in rabbit. Photograph of gross rabbit liver 4 weeks after injection of hypertonic saline shows well-demarcated necrotic area.

 


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  		Fig. 6C. —Effect of hypertonic saline on normal liver tissue in rabbit. Photomicrograph shows histologic changes of damaged liver tissue after injection of hypertonic saline. Note central portion of necrosis was infiltrated by abundant macrophages (M). Margin of necrotic region is bounded by fibrotic tissue (F). (H and E, x40)

 


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  		Fig. 7A. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Enhanced CT scan shows well-defined hypodense tumor in left lobe liver.

 


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  		Fig. 7B. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Enhanced CT scan shows that needle is targeted to center of lesion.

 


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  		Fig. 7C. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Enhanced CT shows that hypertonic saline mixed with iodinated contrast agent is injected into tumor. Note pooling of injected agent within tumor without evidence of leakage into surrounding liver tissue.

 


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  		Fig. 7D. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Photograph of removed liver specimen 2 weeks after hypertonic saline injection shows well-demarcated necrotic tumor bounded by fibrotic capsule.

 


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  		Fig. 7E. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Photomicrograph of histologic examination of injected tumor shows massive area of coagulative necrosis (N). Border of tumor is bounded by proliferated fibrosis (F). (H and E, x40)

 


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  		Fig. 7F. —Therapeutic effect of hypertonic saline on VX2 tumor in rabbit. Photomicrograph of histologic examination in another area of specimen shows coagulative necrosis (N) accompanied by hemorrhage (H). Focus of calcification (C) also is shown. Small nest of viable tumor cells (T) is still present. (H and E, x100)

 

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