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Bronchial Anthracofibrosis and Tuberculosis: CT Features Before and After Treatment

Richard Long1, Eric Wong1 and James Barrie2

1 Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Aberhart Centre 1, 3rd Floor, Room 8325, 11402 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2J3.
2 Department of Radiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.








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  		Fig. 1. —Contrast-enhanced CT at level of right upper lobe (RUL) bronchus (A and B) shows narrowing of anterior segmental bronchus (arrow). At level of right middle lobe (RML) bronchus (C), dense RML consolidation, narrowing of RML bronchus, and mildly enlarged hilar nodes are seen. Bronchoscopy performed after 2 months of treatment shows blue-black hyperpigmentation at orifice to medial and lateral segment of RML (D). The RML lateral segmental bronchus is narrowed. After 6 months of antituberculosis drug treatment, patency of RML bronchus has been restored (arrow) and RML collapse/consolidation is no longer present (E). RUL parenchymal disease has largely cleared, and anterior segmental bronchus (arrow) is no longer narrowed (F).

 







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  		Fig. 2. —Contrast-enhanced CT scan of thorax at level of right middle lobe (RML) bronchus (A and B) shows collar of enlarged nodes encircling narrowed RML bronchus (arrow). At level of right inferior pulmonary vein (C), RML volume loss and consolidation is seen. After treatment, a slight reduction in lymph node size has occurred (arrow, mediastinal windows), with no improvement in narrowing of RML bronchus (arrow, lung windows) (D and E). RML collapse/consolidation has improved. Bronchoscopy (F) shows persistent airway hyperpigmentation (bronchus intermedius) posttreatment.

 

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