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Persistent Foreign Body Reaction Around Inguinal Mesh Prostheses: A Potential Pitfall of FDG PET

Nicolas Aide1, Jean-François Deux2, Iliana Peretti1, Laurence Mabille3, Jacques Mandet4, Patrice Callard5 and Jean-Noël Talbot1

1 Hôpitaux de Paris PET Center, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020, Paris, France.
2 Department of Radiology, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.
3 Paris Nord PET Center, Sarcelles, France.
4 Department of Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
5 Department of Pathology, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.



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Fig. 1A. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. FDG PET images confirm axillary and thoracic recurrence (solid arrow, A) and reveal suspicious focus in left groin (dotted arrow, A) and on transverse slice B (arrowhead) (SUV max = 2.8).

 


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Fig. 1B. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. FDG PET images confirm axillary and thoracic recurrence (solid arrow, A) and reveal suspicious focus in left groin (dotted arrow, A) and on transverse slice B (arrowhead) (SUV max = 2.8).

 


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Fig. 1C. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. CT scan reveals nodular hyperattenuating lesion (arrow) next to pelvic parietal wall, which is consistent with FDG focus and corresponds to mesh prosthesis.

 


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Fig. 1D. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. Image from second PET study performed after chemotherapy shows complete metabolic response of cancer foci but no change in the inguinal focus (dotted arrow) (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax] = 2.9).

 


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Fig. 1E. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. Image from third PET study performed for suspected recurrence confirms axillary recurrence (solid arrow) while inguinal focus (dotted arrow) remains steady (SUVmax = 2.8).

 


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Fig. 1F. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. PET/CT image reveals FDG focus (arrow) precisely located at external part of hyperattenuating lesion of abdominal wall. Several biopsies were performed under echographic guidance and revealed foreign body reaction with no neoplastic cells.

 


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Fig. 1G. 55-year-old woman (patient 1) with axillary recurrence of cervical cancer. Patient underwent left inguinal hernia repair with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis 3 years earlier. T1-weighted MR image shows slightly hyperintense ill-defined lesion (arrow) in abdominal wall after administration of gadolinium.

 


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Fig. 2A. 75-year-old man (patient 2) referred to FDG PET for liver recurrence of rectal cancer. This patient underwent bilateral inguinal hernia repairs with mesh prostheses (polypropylene) 10 years (right side) and 1 year (left side) earlier. PET image reveals bilateral areas of intense FDG uptake (dotted arrows) in anterior part of pelvis. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of liver focus (solid arrow) and right and left pelvic foci were 8.9, 5.7, and 4.5, respectively.

 


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Fig. 2B. 75-year-old man (patient 2) referred to FDG PET for liver recurrence of rectal cancer. This patient underwent bilateral inguinal hernia repairs with mesh prostheses (polypropylene) 10 years (right side) and 1 year (left side) earlier. CT scan (B) shows that tissue lesion (arrowhead, B) located on right side of anterior wall of bladder is consistent with one of FDG foci (arrowhead, C) on PET image.

 


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Fig. 2C. 75-year-old man (patient 2) referred to FDG PET for liver recurrence of rectal cancer. This patient underwent bilateral inguinal hernia repairs with mesh prostheses (polypropylene) 10 years (right side) and 1 year (left side) earlier. CT scan (B) shows that tissue lesion (arrowhead, B) located on right side of anterior wall of bladder is consistent with one of FDG foci (arrowhead, C) on PET image.

 


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Fig. 2D. 75-year-old man (patient 2) referred to FDG PET for liver recurrence of rectal cancer. This patient underwent bilateral inguinal hernia repairs with mesh prostheses (polypropylene) 10 years (right side) and 1 year (left side) earlier. Image from second PET study performed after chemotherapy followed by surgery (right hepatectomy) shows same pelvic foci (arrows) (SUVmax of right focus = 5.9, SUVmax of left focus = 4.5).

 


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Fig. 3A. 50-year-old man (patient 3) referred to FDG PET after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell carcinoma in right lung. This patient underwent treatment of bilateral inguinal hernia with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis implant 5 years earlier. PET image shows solitary focus (solid arrow, SUVmax = 7.1) in right lung and reveals less intense foci (dotted arrows, SUVmax = 4.1) in pelvis.

 


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Fig. 3B. 50-year-old man (patient 3) referred to FDG PET after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for non-small cell carcinoma in right lung. This patient underwent treatment of bilateral inguinal hernia with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh prosthesis implant 5 years earlier. CT scan was thought to show normal findings at time of PET examination, but retrospective analysis revealed slightly hyperattenuating area (arrow) in anterior abdominal wall that was consistent with one of FDG foci.

 

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