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Gadolinium-Enhanced MDCT Angiography of the Abdomen: Feasibility and Limitations

¹ Department of Radiology, Boston University, 33 Pleasant St., Wellesley, MA 02482.
² Deceased.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. —Diagram shows injector loaded for gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. —Graph shows absolute attenuation of iodine and gadolinium in Hounsfield units, from top to bottom: 1:10 gadolinium solution, 1:20 iodine solution, 1:10 iodine solution, and 1:20 gadolinium solution.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. —Graph shows relative density of iodine and gadolinium with varying peak kilovoltage, from top to bottom: 1:20 gadolinium solution, 1:10 gadolinium solution, 1:20 iodine solution, 1:10 iodine solution.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. —Graph shows change in density: linear regression for gadolinium versus iodine.

View larger version (152K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5A. —48-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (120 kVp) show origin of right renal artery (long arrow) and cross-section of superior mesenteric artery (short arrow). Note also left renal vein for comparison of intraluminal density (arrowhead). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (158K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5B. —48-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (120 kVp) show origin of right renal artery (long arrow) and cross-section of superior mesenteric artery (short arrow). Note also left renal vein for comparison of intraluminal density (arrowhead). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (154K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5C. —48-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (120 kVp) show origin of right renal artery (long arrow) and cross-section of superior mesenteric artery (short arrow). Note also left renal vein for comparison of intraluminal density (arrowhead). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (143K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6A. —55-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (90 kVp) show celiac axis (arrow). Gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography image is noisier. (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (151K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6B. —55-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (90 kVp) show celiac axis (arrow). Gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography image is noisier. (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (161K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6C. —55-year-old man referred for evaluation of a possible renal mass. Axial CT images unenhanced (A), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (B), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (C) (90 kVp) show celiac axis (arrow). Gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography image is noisier. (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (193K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7A. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C. Four contiguous axial images from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography show left renal artery in its entirety.

View larger version (156K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7B. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C. Single images of left renal artery for comparison are unenhanced (B), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (C), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (D). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (169K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7C. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C. Single images of left renal artery for comparison are unenhanced (B), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (C), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (D). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (174K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7D. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C. Single images of left renal artery for comparison are unenhanced (B), from iodine-enhanced CT angiography (C), and from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography (D). (Window width, 350 H; window level, 60 H)

View larger version (162K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8A. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, 6C, 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D. Targeted coronal (A) and axial (B) maximum-intensity-projection images from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography generated from a volume excluding bowel and spine show renal arteries.

View larger version (72K): [in a new window]   Fig. 8B. —Same 55-year-old man as in Figures 6A, 6B, 6C, 7A, 7B, 7C, and 7D. Targeted coronal (A) and axial (B) maximum-intensity-projection images from gadolinium-enhanced MDCT angiography generated from a volume excluding bowel and spine show renal arteries.

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