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Effectiveness of Delayed Enhanced MRI for Identification of Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Comparison with Radionuclide Imaging

Eiji Tadamura1, Masaki Yamamuro1, Shigeto Kubo1, Shotaro Kanao1, Tsuneo Saga1, Masaki Harada2, Muneo Ohba3, Ryohei Hosokawa3, Takeshi Kimura3, Toru Kita3 and Kaori Togashi1

1 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoinkawahara, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
2 Department of Endocrinology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
3 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.



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Fig. 1A 52-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis delayed enhanced MR image depicts delayed enhancement on right ventricular side of septal region (arrows).

 


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Fig. 1B 52-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show no abnormal wall motion.

 


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Fig. 1C 52-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show no abnormal wall motion.

 


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Fig. 1D 52-year-old woman with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis 201Tl SPECT image shows no abnormal perfusion defect. No abnormal 67Ga uptake in heart was observed on 67Ga scintigrams.

 


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Fig. 2A 69-year-old man with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis delayed enhanced MR image reveals strong transmural hyperenhancement in septal, anterior, and inferior regions (arrows).

 


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Fig. 2B 69-year-old man with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show wall motion abnormalities in these segments (arrows, C).

 


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Fig. 2C 69-year-old man with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show wall motion abnormalities in these segments (arrows, C).

 


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Fig. 2D 69-year-old man with clinically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis 201Tl SPECT image shows perfusion defects in septal, anterior, and inferior regions (arrows), where severe extent of transmural enhancement is seen on delayed enhanced MR images. No abnormal cardiac 67Ga uptake was detected on 67Ga scintigrams.

 


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Fig. 3A 65-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis delayed enhanced MR image reveals strong transmural enhancement in septal and inferior regions (arrows). Abnormal hyperenhancement is also observed in right ventricular wall (arrowheads).

 


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Fig. 3B 65-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show wall motion abnormalities in inferior segments (arrows, C).

 


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Fig. 3C 65-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Cine MR images obtained at end diastole (B) and end systole (C) for basal short-axis slice show wall motion abnormalities in inferior segments (arrows, C).

 


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Fig. 3D 65-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis 201Tl SPECT image shows perfusion defects in septal and inferior regions (arrows).

 


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Fig. 3E 65-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed cardiac sarcoidosis. Basal short-axis 67Ga SPECT image shows abnormal accumulation of 67Ga mainly in inferior and septal regions (arrows), corresponding to areas with significant transmural hyperenhancement and 201Tl perfusion defects.

 


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Fig. 4 Number of segments with abnormal delayed enhancement among 17 myocardial segments in 10 patients. Abnormal delayed enhancement was frequently observed in basal septal region.

 


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Fig. 5 Bar graph shows relationship between transmural extent of delayed gadolinium enhancement and 201Tl perfusion defects. Significant differences were observed in mean percentage of 201Tl perfusion defect score between segments of grades 0 and 1, grades 1 and 2, grades 2 and 3, and grades 3 and 4.

 


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Fig. 6 Bar graph indicates relationship between transmural extent of delayed gadolinium enhancement and regional wall motion. Significant differences were noted in mean percentage of wall motion score between segments of grades 0 and 1, grades 1 and 2, grades 2 and 3, and grades 3 and 4.

 

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