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Comparison of Angular and Combined Automatic Tube Current Modulation Techniques with Constant Tube Current CT of the Abdomen and Pelvis

Stefania Rizzo1, Mannudeep Kalra1,2, Bernhard Schmidt3, Tejas Dalal1,4, Christoph Suess3, Thomas Flohr3, Michael Blake1 and Sanjay Saini2

1 Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, White 270, Boston, MA 02114.
2 Present address: Department of Radiology, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30322.
3 Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany.
4 Present address: University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1 —Line graph shows relationship between attenuation profile and effective milliampere-second (mAs) setting. Adaptation strength can be adjusted separately for left branch (slim patients) and right branch (obese patients) of curve. White line indicates theoretic limits of adaptation for constant image noise. Absolute effective mAs value is scaled with image quality reference mAs value selected for performing CT study.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2A —Transverse contrast-enhanced CT images at level of porta hepatis acquired with different techniques show acceptable image quality. CT image of 58-year-old woman scanned at fixed tube current of 200 effective mAs (CT dose index volume [CTDIvol] = 20.4 mGy, noise = 8 H).

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 2B —Transverse contrast-enhanced CT images at level of porta hepatis acquired with different techniques show acceptable image quality. CT image of 67-year-old woman scanned with angular modulation at 200 effective mAs (CTDIvol = 15.4 mGy, noise = 8 H).

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 2C —Transverse contrast-enhanced CT images at level of porta hepatis acquired with different techniques show acceptable image quality. CT image of 47-year-old woman scanned with combined modulation at weak decrease (slim)-strong increase (obese) settings (CTDIvol = 11.12 mGy, noise = 9 H).

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 2D —Transverse contrast-enhanced CT images at level of porta hepatis acquired with different techniques show acceptable image quality. CT image of 64-year-old woman scanned with combined modulation at average decrease (slim)-average increase (obese) settings (CTDIvol = 8.8 mGy, noise = 10 H).

 

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