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Quantification of Thin-Section CT Lung Attenuation in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Correlations with Arterial Blood Gas Levels and CT Angiography

Shin Matsuoka1, Yasuyuki Kurihara1, Kunihiro Yagihashi1, Hiroshi Niimi1 and Yasuo Nakajima1

1 All authors: Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1A —48-year-old woman with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Graph shows frequency histogram for lung parenchyma. Note reduced skewness (1.4) and kurtosis (2.3) compared with those in non-PE patient. SD and P ± 50 H are 88.3% and 43.3%, respectively.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 1B —48-year-old woman with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Transverse thin-section (2-mm collimation) CT scan (window level, -873 H; window width, 250 H) shows inhomogeneous lung attenuation.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 2A —61-year-old woman without acute pulmonary embolism. Graph shows frequency histogram for lung parenchyma. SD, skewness, kurtosis, and P ± 50 H are 77.1, 2.3, 6.2, and 28.5%, respectively.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 2B —61-year-old woman without acute pulmonary embolism. Transverse thin-section (2-mm collimation) CT scan (window level, -903 H; window width, 250 H) shows relatively homogeneous lung attenuation.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 3A —Correlation between PaO2 and SD, skewness, kurtosis, and P ± 50 H in patients with pulmonary embolism. Scatterplots show significant correlation between PaO2 and SD (A) (r = -0.770, p = 0.001), PaO2 and skewness (B) (r = 0.797, p < 0.0001), PaO2 and kurtosis (C) (r = 0.786, p < 0.0001), and PaO2 and P ± 50 H (D) (r = -0.871, p < 0.0001).

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 3B —Correlation between PaO2 and SD, skewness, kurtosis, and P ± 50 H in patients with pulmonary embolism. Scatterplots show significant correlation between PaO2 and SD (A) (r = -0.770, p = 0.001), PaO2 and skewness (B) (r = 0.797, p < 0.0001), PaO2 and kurtosis (C) (r = 0.786, p < 0.0001), and PaO2 and P ± 50 H (D) (r = -0.871, p < 0.0001).

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 3C —Correlation between PaO2 and SD, skewness, kurtosis, and P ± 50 H in patients with pulmonary embolism. Scatterplots show significant correlation between PaO2 and SD (A) (r = -0.770, p = 0.001), PaO2 and skewness (B) (r = 0.797, p < 0.0001), PaO2 and kurtosis (C) (r = 0.786, p < 0.0001), and PaO2 and P ± 50 H (D) (r = -0.871, p < 0.0001).

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 3D —Correlation between PaO2 and SD, skewness, kurtosis, and P ± 50 H in patients with pulmonary embolism. Scatterplots show significant correlation between PaO2 and SD (A) (r = -0.770, p = 0.001), PaO2 and skewness (B) (r = 0.797, p < 0.0001), PaO2 and kurtosis (C) (r = 0.786, p < 0.0001), and PaO2 and P ± 50 H (D) (r = -0.871, p < 0.0001).

 

Figure 9
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  		Fig. 4 —Correlation between visual scores and PaO2. Significant correlation was found between visual scores and PaO2 (r = -0.709, p = 0.0004).

 

Figure 10
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  		Fig. 5 —Correlation between CT angiography (CTA) score and PaO2. Mean CTA score was 35.4% ± 19.4% (range, 5.6-69.4%). There was significant correlation between CTA score and PaO2 (r = -0.442, p = 0.03).

 

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