Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Before Liver Transplantation: A Prospective Study with Histopathologic Comparison
Pierre-Yves Brillet1,
Valérie Paradis2,
Giuseppe Brancatelli3,4,
Anne-Sophie Rangheard3,
Yann Consigny5,
Aurélie Plessier5,
François Durand5,
Jacques Belghiti6,
Daniele Sommacale6 and
Valérie Vilgrain1,7
1 Department of Radiology, APHP-Hôpital Beaujon, 100 Boulevard du General
Leclerc, Clichy 92118, France.
2 Department of Pathology, APHP-Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy 92118,
France.
3 Department of Radiology, Ospedale Specializzato in Gastroenterologia
"Saverio de Bellis" IRCCS, Castellana Grotte (Bari) 70013,
Italia.
4 Istituto di Radiologia, Università di Palermo, Via del Vespro 127,
90127 Palermo, Italy.
5 Department of Hepatology, APHP-Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy 92118,
France.
6 Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Unit, APHP-Hôpital
Beaujon, Clichy 92118, France.
7 INSERM unité 773, CRB3. Faculté Xavier-Bichat, 16 rue Henri
Huchart, 75018 Paris, France.

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Fig. 1 Bar graph shows outcomes of 21 patients with hepatocellular
carcinoma treated by percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. White bars indicate
waiting list; gray bars, transplantation; and black bars, exclusion. Numbers
in bars are number of patients.
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Fig. 2A 63 year-old man (patient 7) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom complete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Arterial-phase
contrast-enhanced transverse helical CT scan before treatment shows 25-mm
hyperattenuating hepatocellular carcinoma (white arrow) in right
posterior hepatic segment.
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Fig. 2B 63 year-old man (patient 7) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom complete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Arterial-phase
contrast-enhanced transverse helical CT scan during follow-up (4 months after
percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and 8 days before liver transplantation)
shows arterioportal shunting (white star) and absence of arterial
enhancement (white arrow) within tumor because of complete
necrosis.
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Fig. 2C 63 year-old man (patient 7) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom complete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Pathologic examination
of explanted liver confirmed complete necrosis of tumor but showed multiple
satellite nodules (black arrows) and fibrous peritumoral capsule
(white arrow).
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Fig. 3A 60 year-old man (patient 14) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom incomplete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Arterial-phase
contrast-enhanced transverse helical CT scan shows 5-cm hypoattenuating
hepatocellular carcinoma. Enhancement was seen only in small, peripheral
portion of tumor (white arrow).
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Fig. 3B 60 year-old man (patient 14) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom incomplete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Gadolinium-enhanced
T1-weighted fat-suppressed gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 216/5.1; flip angle,
80°) obtained during portal venous phase (B) and fat-suppressed
T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR image (1,600/70) (C) 2 months after
percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and 4 days before liver transplantation
show residual tumor (white arrow).
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Fig. 3C 60 year-old man (patient 14) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom incomplete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Gadolinium-enhanced
T1-weighted fat-suppressed gradient-echo MR image (TR/TE, 216/5.1; flip angle,
80°) obtained during portal venous phase (B) and fat-suppressed
T2-weighted fast spin-echo MR image (1,600/70) (C) 2 months after
percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and 4 days before liver transplantation
show residual tumor (white arrow).
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Fig. 3D 60 year-old man (patient 14) waiting for liver transplantation
because of hepatocellular carcinoma, in whom incomplete necrosis of tumor was
achieved through percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. Pathologic examination
of explant confirmed tumor recurrence (black arrow). This patient had
microvascular invasion.
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Copyright © 2006 by the American Roentgen Ray Society.