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High-Resolution CT of the Chest in Children and Young Adults Who Were Born Prematurely: Findings in a Population-Based Study

Stein Magnus Aukland1, Thomas Halvorsen2, Kari Røine Fosse1, Anne Kjersti Daltveit3 and Karen Rosendahl1

1 Department of Radiology, Section of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
2 Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
3 Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, and Medical Birth Registry of Norway, Section for Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1A —Abnormal high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. 10-year-old boy born at 27 weeks of gestation and diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the perinatal period. HRCT scan shows typical linear opacity (arrow, box) in right middle lobe radiating from periphery toward hilum.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 1B —Abnormal high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. 18-year-old girl born at 26 weeks of gestation and without the diagnosis of BPD in the perinatal period. HRCT scan shows triangular opacity (box) in left upper lobe.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 1C —Abnormal high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. 10-year-old boy born at 26 weeks of gestation and without the diagnosis of BPD in the perinatal period. HRCT scan shows area of mosaic perfusion (box) in inspiration, hypoattenuation, and small-caliber vessels.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 1D —Abnormal high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings. 18-year-old boy born at 25 weeks of gestation and diagnosed with BPD in the perinatal period. HRCT scan in expiratory phase shows air trapping (box) in right lower lobe.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 2 —Pathologic findings at high-resolution CT examination. Graph shows number of segments affected in right and left lungs.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 3 —Graph shows regional distribution of four most common pathologic findings in 72 ex-premature children examined with high-resolution CT at age 10-19 years. RUL = right upper lobe, RML = right middle lobe, RLL = right lower lobe, LML = left middle lung, LUL = left upper lobe, LLL = left lower lobe.

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 4A —Bland-Altman plots show variance in intraobserver reproducibility in relation to four most common findings and total CT score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between first and second observation. Linear opacities.

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 4B —Bland-Altman plots show variance in intraobserver reproducibility in relation to four most common findings and total CT score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between first and second observation. Triangular opacities.

 

Figure 9
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  		Fig. 4C —Bland-Altman plots show variance in intraobserver reproducibility in relation to four most common findings and total CT score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between first and second observation. Mosaic perfusion.

 

Figure 10
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  		Fig. 4D —Bland-Altman plots show variance in intraobserver reproducibility in relation to four most common findings and total CT score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between first and second observation. Air trapping.

 

Figure 11
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  		Fig. 4E —Bland-Altman plots show variance in intraobserver reproducibility in relation to four most common findings and total CT score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between first and second observation. Total high-resolution CT score.

 

Figure 12
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  		Fig. 5A —Bland-Altman plots show variance in interobserver agreement for four most common findings and total score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between two observers. Linear opacities.

 

Figure 13
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  		Fig. 5B —Bland-Altman plots show variance in interobserver agreement for four most common findings and total score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between two observers. Triangular opacities.

 

Figure 14
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  		Fig. 5C —Bland-Altman plots show variance in interobserver agreement for four most common findings and total score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between two observers. Mosaic perfusion.

 

Figure 15
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  		Fig. 5D —Bland-Altman plots show variance in interobserver agreement for four most common findings and total score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between two observers. Air trapping.

 

Figure 16
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  		Fig. 5E —Bland-Altman plots show variance in interobserver agreement for four most common findings and total score. Horizontal lines show mean (middle line) and ± 2 SD. Y-axis is difference in mean score between two observers. Total high-resolution CT score.

 

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