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Fast 3D Cine Steady-State Free Precession Imaging with Sensitivity Encoding for Assessment of Left Ventricular Function in a Single Breath-Hold

Neil B. Mascarenhas1, Raja Muthupillai2,3,4, Benjamin Cheong3,4,5, Mercedes Pereyra4 and Scott D. Flamm1,3,4,5

1 Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
2 Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, OH.
3 Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
4 Department of Radiology, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, 6720 Bertner Ave., MC 2-270, Houston, TX 77030.
5 Department of Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1A —32-year-old woman for whom short-axis cine images of left ventricle at midventricular level were acquired. A and C images were acquired at end diastole; B and D images were acquired at end systole. A and B were obtained with standard 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence. C and D images were obtained with sensitivity encoding (SENSE)-assisted 3D SSFP sequence. Tracings of endocardial and epicardial borders on A and C and endocardial borders on B and D were used to compute ejection fraction and left ventricular mass.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 1B —32-year-old woman for whom short-axis cine images of left ventricle at midventricular level were acquired. A and C images were acquired at end diastole; B and D images were acquired at end systole. A and B were obtained with standard 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence. C and D images were obtained with sensitivity encoding (SENSE)-assisted 3D SSFP sequence. Tracings of endocardial and epicardial borders on A and C and endocardial borders on B and D were used to compute ejection fraction and left ventricular mass.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 1C —32-year-old woman for whom short-axis cine images of left ventricle at midventricular level were acquired. A and C images were acquired at end diastole; B and D images were acquired at end systole. A and B were obtained with standard 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence. C and D images were obtained with sensitivity encoding (SENSE)-assisted 3D SSFP sequence. Tracings of endocardial and epicardial borders on A and C and endocardial borders on B and D were used to compute ejection fraction and left ventricular mass.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 1D —32-year-old woman for whom short-axis cine images of left ventricle at midventricular level were acquired. A and C images were acquired at end diastole; B and D images were acquired at end systole. A and B were obtained with standard 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence. C and D images were obtained with sensitivity encoding (SENSE)-assisted 3D SSFP sequence. Tracings of endocardial and epicardial borders on A and C and endocardial borders on B and D were used to compute ejection fraction and left ventricular mass.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 2A —Bland-Altman plots show degree of agreement between 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) and 3D SSFP with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) imaging techniques. Circle = healthy volunteer, square = patient. Ejection fraction (EF) (A) and left ventricular (LV) mass (B) are evaluated. Central lines indicate mean bias, and outer lines indicate limits of agreement (± 2 SDs). Bland-Altman analysis shows close agreement with small bias between two methods in estimation of ejection fraction (-1.2%) and LV mass (-1.2 g).

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 2B —Bland-Altman plots show degree of agreement between 2D steady-state free precession (SSFP) and 3D SSFP with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) imaging techniques. Circle = healthy volunteer, square = patient. Ejection fraction (EF) (A) and left ventricular (LV) mass (B) are evaluated. Central lines indicate mean bias, and outer lines indicate limits of agreement (± 2 SDs). Bland-Altman analysis shows close agreement with small bias between two methods in estimation of ejection fraction (-1.2%) and LV mass (-1.2 g).

 

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