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Myocardial Bridging on MDCT

Tuncay Hazirolan1, Murat Canyigit1, Musturay Karcaaltincaba1, Merve Gulbiz Dagoglu1, Deniz Akata1, Kudret Aytemir2 and Aytekin Besim1

1 Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
2 Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06100, Turkey.


Figure 1
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Fig. 1A —45-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show normal epicardial route of left anterior descending artery (arrow, B).

 

Figure 2
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Fig. 1B —45-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show normal epicardial route of left anterior descending artery (arrow, B).

 

Figure 3
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Fig. 2A —59-year-old man with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show myocardial bridging over mid segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows).

 

Figure 4
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Fig. 2B —59-year-old man with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show myocardial bridging over mid segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows).

 

Figure 5
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Fig. 3A —42-year-old man with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show incomplete bridging on interventricular gorge formed by connective tissue encasing distal segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows), but no distinctive muscle fibers are seen over artery.

 

Figure 6
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Fig. 3B —42-year-old man with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction (A) and short-axis (B) MDCT images show incomplete bridging on interventricular gorge formed by connective tissue encasing distal segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows), but no distinctive muscle fibers are seen over artery.

 

Figure 7
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Fig. 4 —60-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Volume-rendered image shows trifurcation of left main coronary artery into left anterior descending artery (large arrowhead), intermediate artery, and circumflex artery (small arrowhead). There is myocardial bridging on ramus intermedius artery (arrow).

 

Figure 8
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Fig. 5A —49-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction MDCT images show myocardial bridging on diagonal branch of left anterior descending artery (arrowhead, B) and mid segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows).

 

Figure 9
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Fig. 5B —49-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction MDCT images show myocardial bridging on diagonal branch of left anterior descending artery (arrowhead, B) and mid segment of left anterior descending artery (arrows).

 

Figure 10
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Fig. 5C —49-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Short-axis MDCT image shows both bridged segments (arrows).

 

Figure 11
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Fig. 6A —69-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of coronary artery bypass graft. Curved multiplanar reconstruction image shows short segment in middle part of left anterior descending artery (arrow) and long segment in distal part of artery (small arrowheads) encased by myocardium. Calcific atherosclerotic plaque (large arrowhead) is seen just proximal to myocardial bridging on middle part of artery.

 

Figure 12
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Fig. 6B —69-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of coronary artery bypass graft. Volume-rendered images show both bridges (small arrow and small arrowheads) and proximally patent (large arrow) and distally occluded (large arrowhead) internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft.

 

Figure 13
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Fig. 6C —69-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of coronary artery bypass graft. Volume-rendered images show both bridges (small arrow and small arrowheads) and proximally patent (large arrow) and distally occluded (large arrowhead) internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft.

 

Figure 14
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Fig. 7A —41-year-old woman with hypercholesterolemia. Axial (A) and volume-rendered (B) MDCT images show myocardial loop on mid segment of right coronary artery encasing three quarters of circumference of right coronary artery (arrows).

 

Figure 15
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Fig. 7B —41-year-old woman with hypercholesterolemia. Axial (A) and volume-rendered (B) MDCT images show myocardial loop on mid segment of right coronary artery encasing three quarters of circumference of right coronary artery (arrows).

 

Figure 16
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Fig. 8A —56-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction MDCT image shows long segment of myocardial bridging on left anterior descending artery (arrowheads) and soft plaque just proximal to bridging (arrow).

 

Figure 17
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Fig. 8B —56-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. MDCT images show tunneled artery circumscribed by myocardial fibers (arrow, B) and soft atherosclerotic plaque (arrow, C) just proximal to artery.

 

Figure 18
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Fig. 8C —56-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Short-axis MDCT images show tunneled artery circumscribed by myocardial fibers (arrow, B) and soft atherosclerotic plaque (arrow, C) just proximal to artery.

 

Figure 19
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Fig. 9A —34-year-old man with chest pain. Conventional angiography images show milking effect due to systolic compression of tunneled artery (arrow, A). Absence of compression and therefore normal configuration of artery (arrow, B) is seen during diastolic phase.

 

Figure 20
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Fig. 9B —34-year-old man with chest pain. Conventional angiography images show milking effect due to systolic compression of tunneled artery (arrow, A). Absence of compression and therefore normal configuration of artery (arrow, B) is seen during diastolic phase.

 

Figure 21
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Fig. 9C —34-year-old man with chest pain. Curved multiplanar reconstruction MDCT image shows myocardial bridging encasing mid segment of left anterior descending artery (arrow).

 

Figure 22
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Fig. 10A —78-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of right coronary artery stent. Volume-rendered images show tunneled artery, which is segment of right coronary artery within right ventricular myocardium (arrows).

 

Figure 23
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Fig. 10B —78-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of right coronary artery stent. Volume-rendered images show tunneled artery, which is segment of right coronary artery within right ventricular myocardium (arrows).

 

Figure 24
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Fig. 11A —70-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of coronary artery bypass graft. Axial MDCT image shows obtuse marginal branch of left circumflex artery in left ventricular myocardium (arrow). In addition, subendocardial infarct is seen in apical area (arrowheads).

 

Figure 25
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Fig. 11B —70-year-old man who underwent MDCT for evaluation of patency of coronary artery bypass graft. Volume-rendered image shows myocardial bridging on obtuse marginal branch of left circumflex artery (arrow) and patency of left internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft (arrowheads).

 

Figure 26
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Fig. 12A —44-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Curved multiplanar reconstruction MDCT image shows myocardial long segment bridging on left anterior descending artery (arrows).

 

Figure 27
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Fig. 12B —44-year-old man with hypercholesterolemia. Volume-rendered MDCT image shows associated right coronary artery anomaly (arrow) in which right coronary artery originates from left coronary sinus and courses between aorta (a) and main pulmonary artery (p) in right atrioventricular groove.

 

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