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Medical Illustration Techniques for PowerPoint: Part 2, Practical Applications

Omar Lababede1 and Moulay Meziane

1 Both authors: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Thoracic Imaging, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., HB6, Cleveland, OH 44195.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1 —42-year-old man with normal abdominal findings. PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shot shows CT image inserted into slide presentation for use as template. Image is axial CT scan of abdomen at level of renal hila.

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 2 —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shot shows first drawn object, body wall outline drawn with Curve tool (A). Upper outline appears curved because tool used does not produce straight lines. Format AutoShape dialog box is displayed by right clicking on object and selecting Format AutoShape. New default Fill and Line color (yellow) is selected, and transparency slider (B) is adjusted to 80%. Box Default for new objects (C) is checked. D = zoom box.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 3A —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show refinement of outline of abdominal wall. Template is visible after fill color is adjusted to transparent. Anchor points (vertexes) (squares) of object are visible because Edit Points option is selected. This option can be chosen from Draw menu or from menu that appears after right clicking on object. Because Curve tool is used to draw object, upper line segment is curved with bulging of flanking angled line segments. To change curved segment into straight one, Straight segment option is selected after right clicking on curved line.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 3B —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show refinement of outline of abdominal wall. Anchor point (vertex) (straight arrow) at left upper corner has been changed from Auto to Corner point as described in part 1 [1]. Corner point option can be selected after right clicking over point in Edit Points mode. Handle of corner point can be dragged in direction of red curved arrow to adjust curve.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 3C —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show refinement of outline of abdominal wall. Outcome of body wall outline adjustment. Straight line segment has been deleted by right clicking on it and selecting Delete Segment. Inner margin of abdominal cavity (arrow) is drawn in similar manner.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 4A —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show refinement of contours of pancreas (top), inferior vena cava and aorta (middle), and vertebral body (bottom). Objects were drawn at later stage but are shown for relevance. Dashed lines separate structures to show they have been captured from different screens to show anchor points of all objects (Edit Points can be applied to only one object at same time). Initial drawings prepared with Curve tool, except for pancreas (top), which was drawn with Freeform tool.

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 4B —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show refinement of contours of pancreas (top), inferior vena cava and aorta (middle), and vertebral body (bottom). Objects were drawn at later stage but are shown for relevance. Dashed lines separate structures to show they have been captured from different screens to show anchor points of all objects (Edit Points can be applied to only one object at same time). Adjusted refined drawing. Techniques used are dragging anchor points to more precise location, adding points by clicking and dragging, and deleting points. Symmetric repositioning of anchor points produces shapes that are closer to symmetric, as is case with aorta and inferior vena cava.

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 5 —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shot shows details of Fill option of Format AutoShape tool. Gradient effect is selected from Fill Effects option (A) of drop-down menu that appears after clicking small arrow (B) next to Color. Intraabdominal fat color is similarly chosen except that Texture rather than Gradient is selected. After this step, clicking over CT image (template) and selecting Bring to Front (C) from Order toolbar facilitates drawing of remaining objects.

 

Figure 9
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  		Fig. 6A —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show finalization of drawing. Drawing of remaining objects. Hidden portion of renal collecting system does not need refining. Noncontributory objects have not been included, and locations of other objects are slightly altered to accommodate drawing of fascial planes.

 

Figure 10
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  		Fig. 6B —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show finalization of drawing. Objects after addition of color.

 

Figure 11
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  		Fig. 6C —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show finalization of drawing. After CT image (template) is deleted, first two objects appear. Fascial planes are drawn as blue lines with Curve tool. Most of these planes are drawn as open paths (double clicking last point not located over first point). Others (e.g., line surrounding kidneys) are closed paths. No Fill is selected from Format AutoShape. Thickness of interfascial planes is exaggerated to show their potentially expansile nature.

 

Figure 12
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  		Fig. 6D —PowerPoint (Microsoft) screen shots show finalization of drawing. Final drawing after addition of labels. C = colon, P = pancreas, D = duodenum, IVC = inferior vena cave, Ao = aorta, RK = right kidney, LK = left kidney, asterisk = posterior peritoneal recess. Retroperitoneal spaces are marked by drawing transparent objects without applying color to lines or by drawing dashed lines.

 

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