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MRI of Acute Bone Bruises: Timing of the Appearance of Findings in a Swine Model

Donna G. Blankenbaker1, Arthur A. De Smet1, Ray Vanderby2, Ronald P. McCabe2 and Stephanie A. Koplin3

1 Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, E3/311 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792-3252.
2 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
3 Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.


Figure 1
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  		Fig. 1A —21-year-old male athlete with acute traumatic hip injury. Coronal T2-weighted fat-saturated image obtained 2 hours after acute injury does not show any bone marrow edema. Posterior labral tear was noted on axial T2-weighted imaging (not shown).

 

Figure 2
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  		Fig. 1B —21-year-old male athlete with acute traumatic hip injury. Coronal T2-weighted fat-saturated image obtained 3 months after injury shows focal area of abnormally increased T2 (arrow). Sagittal T1-weighted images (not shown) confirmed anterior location of this signal abnormality.

 

Figure 3
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  		Fig. 2 —Schematic of pneumatically accelerated mass system designed to impact swine patellae.

 

Figure 4
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  		Fig. 3 —Schematic of acceleration chamber fitted with optical sensors to measure final velocity.

 

Figure 5
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  		Fig. 4A —Control nontraumatized swine knee. Patellar and femoral ossification centers show high signal intensity on sagittal T1-weighted image (A) and low signal intensity on T2-weighted fat-saturated (B) and STIR (C) images.

 

Figure 6
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  		Fig. 4B —Control nontraumatized swine knee. Patellar and femoral ossification centers show high signal intensity on sagittal T1-weighted image (A) and low signal intensity on T2-weighted fat-saturated (B) and STIR (C) images.

 

Figure 7
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  		Fig. 4C —Control nontraumatized swine knee. Patellar and femoral ossification centers show high signal intensity on sagittal T1-weighted image (A) and low signal intensity on T2-weighted fat-saturated (B) and STIR (C) images.

 

Figure 8
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  		Fig. 5 —Graph of impacts of traumatized swine knees.

 

Figure 9
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  		Fig. 6 —Sagittal T1-weighted MR image of traumatized swine patella at 1 hour after injury shows low signal intensity (arrow) within patella.

 

Figure 10
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  		Fig. 7A —Traumatized swine patella. Sagittal STIR MR images at initial 1-hour scan (A) show edemalike signal intensity (arrow) within patella and at 30-hour scan (B) show increased signal intensity (arrow) within patella.

 

Figure 11
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  		Fig. 7B —Traumatized swine patella. Sagittal STIR MR images at initial 1-hour scan (A) show edemalike signal intensity (arrow) within patella and at 30-hour scan (B) show increased signal intensity (arrow) within patella.

 

Figure 12
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  		Fig. 8A —Traumatized swine patella. Sagittal STIR MR image at 1 hour after injury shows subtle subchondral edema (arrow). This area of abnormality increases in signal intensity by 12-hour sagittal image (B) (arrow). In B, there is also extensive high-signal abnormality in patella.

 

Figure 13
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  		Fig. 8B —Traumatized swine patella. Sagittal STIR MR image at 1 hour after injury shows subtle subchondral edema (arrow). This area of abnormality increases in signal intensity by 12-hour sagittal image (B) (arrow). In B, there is also extensive high-signal abnormality in patella.

 

Figure 14
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  		Fig. 9 —Photomicrograph of left patella of pig 7 shows replacement of approximately 80% of marrow space by edema, extravasated RBCs, and fibrin. (H and E, x200)

 

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