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Gas Bubble Motion Artifact in MDCT

¹ All authors: Department of Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Box 357115, Seattle, WA 98195.

View larger version (181K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 1 —Photograph of water-filled phantom with tubing attached to bottom of container (arrow).

View larger version (128K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2A —Gas bubble artifacts in four patients. Axial CT images of abdomen at level of stomach show multiple examples of gas bubble artifacts (arrows) in patient 1 (A), patient 9 (B), patient 3 (C), and patient 4 (D). Gas bubble originates from air passing through gastroesophageal junction. Note how artifact extends beyond gastric wall.

View larger version (141K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2B —Gas bubble artifacts in four patients. Axial CT images of abdomen at level of stomach show multiple examples of gas bubble artifacts (arrows) in patient 1 (A), patient 9 (B), patient 3 (C), and patient 4 (D). Gas bubble originates from air passing through gastroesophageal junction. Note how artifact extends beyond gastric wall.

View larger version (104K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2C —Gas bubble artifacts in four patients. Axial CT images of abdomen at level of stomach show multiple examples of gas bubble artifacts (arrows) in patient 1 (A), patient 9 (B), patient 3 (C), and patient 4 (D). Gas bubble originates from air passing through gastroesophageal junction. Note how artifact extends beyond gastric wall.

View larger version (123K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2D —Gas bubble artifacts in four patients. Axial CT images of abdomen at level of stomach show multiple examples of gas bubble artifacts (arrows) in patient 1 (A), patient 9 (B), patient 3 (C), and patient 4 (D). Gas bubble originates from air passing through gastroesophageal junction. Note how artifact extends beyond gastric wall.

View larger version (150K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 3A —Curvilinear tubular artifact. Axial (A) and coronal reformatted (B) 64-MDCT images of pelvis in patient 5 show curvilinear tubular artifact (arrows) in cecum.

View larger version (157K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 3B —Curvilinear tubular artifact. Axial (A) and coronal reformatted (B) 64-MDCT images of pelvis in patient 5 show curvilinear tubular artifact (arrows) in cecum.

View larger version (77K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 4A —Images of phantom. CT images of phantom obtained at base of phantom with air injection rates of 0.1 mL/s (A) and 0.5 mL/s (B) from contrast injector. Shape of artifact was the same as observed in patients.

View larger version (72K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 4B —Images of phantom. CT images of phantom obtained at base of phantom with air injection rates of 0.1 mL/s (A) and 0.5 mL/s (B) from contrast injector. Shape of artifact was the same as observed in patients.

View larger version (41K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5A —Simulations of artifacts generated by bubble motion during CT acquisition. First column shows acquisition process; center column, resulting sinogram after filtering; and last column, reconstructed image. Three viewing directions (V1 = 0°, V2 = 90°, V3 = 180°) are shown for 180° acquisition and for corresponding rows in sinogram. Arrows indicate distance traveled by bubble during acquisition. Stationary bubble (A) and bubble velocity of 20 cm/s with gantry rotation period of 0.35 second (B).

View larger version (35K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5B —Simulations of artifacts generated by bubble motion during CT acquisition. First column shows acquisition process; center column, resulting sinogram after filtering; and last column, reconstructed image. Three viewing directions (V1 = 0°, V2 = 90°, V3 = 180°) are shown for 180° acquisition and for corresponding rows in sinogram. Arrows indicate distance traveled by bubble during acquisition. Stationary bubble (A) and bubble velocity of 20 cm/s with gantry rotation period of 0.35 second (B).

View larger version (33K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5C —Simulations of artifacts generated by bubble motion during CT acquisition. First column shows acquisition process; center column, resulting sinogram after filtering; and last column, reconstructed image. Three viewing directions (V1 = 0°, V2 = 90°, V3 = 180°) are shown for 180° acquisition and for corresponding rows in sinogram. Arrows indicate distance traveled by bubble during acquisition. Gantry rotation periods of 0.5 (C) and 1.0 (D) second.

View larger version (32K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5D —Simulations of artifacts generated by bubble motion during CT acquisition. First column shows acquisition process; center column, resulting sinogram after filtering; and last column, reconstructed image. Three viewing directions (V1 = 0°, V2 = 90°, V3 = 180°) are shown for 180° acquisition and for corresponding rows in sinogram. Arrows indicate distance traveled by bubble during acquisition. Gantry rotation periods of 0.5 (C) and 1.0 (D) second.

View larger version (38K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5E —Simulations of artifacts generated by bubble motion during CT acquisition. First column shows acquisition process; center column, resulting sinogram after filtering; and last column, reconstructed image. Three viewing directions (V1 = 0°, V2 = 90°, V3 = 180°) are shown for 180° acquisition and for corresponding rows in sinogram. Arrows indicate distance traveled by bubble during acquisition. Acquisition process is the same as in C, with gantry rotation period of 0.5 second, but with 90° gantry offset for start of acquisition as shown.

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