HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Abstract Full Text Full Text (PDF) CME Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Costa, D. N. Articles by Rofsky, N. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Costa, D. N. Articles by Rofsky, N. M. Social Bookmarking                      What's this? Hotlight (NEW!) What's Hotlight?

Body MRI Using IDEAL

¹ Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
² Present address: Departmento de Radiologia, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91, São Paulo – SP, Brazil 01308-050.
³ Present address: Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
⁴ Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

View larger version (103K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 1A —23-year-old woman with inflammatory bowel disease and focal pancreatitis in pancreatic tail. Axial fast spin-echo T2-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) image (TR/TE, 4,000/90) shows clear transition between normal body of pancreas and edematous pancreatic tail (arrowheads).

View larger version (99K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 1B —23-year-old woman with inflammatory bowel disease and focal pancreatitis in pancreatic tail. This finding is less conspicuous in corresponding single-shot fast spinecho (643/58) (B) and fast-recovery fast spin-echo (2,200/85) (C) T2-weighted images obtained during same examination.

View larger version (93K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 1C —23-year-old woman with inflammatory bowel disease and focal pancreatitis in pancreatic tail. This finding is less conspicuous in corresponding single-shot fast spinecho (643/58) (B) and fast-recovery fast spin-echo (2,200/85) (C) T2-weighted images obtained during same examination.

View larger version (116K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2A —45-year-old woman with right adrenal myelolipoma. Because patient was unable to hold her breath, this 3D iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) sequence was respiratory-gated Axial gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted IDEAL water-only (A), fat-only (B), in-phase (C), and opposed-phase (D) images are derived from single acquisition (TR/TE, 6.8/2). Note area containing bulk fat (arrow, B) in lesion on fat-only image (B). Opposed-phase image (D) is easily recognized because of "edge artifact" (arrowheads, D) at fat–water interfaces.

View larger version (119K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2B —45-year-old woman with right adrenal myelolipoma. Because patient was unable to hold her breath, this 3D iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) sequence was respiratory-gated Axial gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted IDEAL water-only (A), fat-only (B), in-phase (C), and opposed-phase (D) images are derived from single acquisition (TR/TE, 6.8/2). Note area containing bulk fat (arrow, B) in lesion on fat-only image (B). Opposed-phase image (D) is easily recognized because of "edge artifact" (arrowheads, D) at fat–water interfaces.

View larger version (123K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2C —45-year-old woman with right adrenal myelolipoma. Because patient was unable to hold her breath, this 3D iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) sequence was respiratory-gated Axial gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted IDEAL water-only (A), fat-only (B), in-phase (C), and opposed-phase (D) images are derived from single acquisition (TR/TE, 6.8/2). Note area containing bulk fat (arrow, B) in lesion on fat-only image (B). Opposed-phase image (D) is easily recognized because of "edge artifact" (arrowheads, D) at fat–water interfaces.

View larger version (128K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 2D —45-year-old woman with right adrenal myelolipoma. Because patient was unable to hold her breath, this 3D iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) sequence was respiratory-gated Axial gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted IDEAL water-only (A), fat-only (B), in-phase (C), and opposed-phase (D) images are derived from single acquisition (TR/TE, 6.8/2). Note area containing bulk fat (arrow, B) in lesion on fat-only image (B). Opposed-phase image (D) is easily recognized because of "edge artifact" (arrowheads, D) at fat–water interfaces.

View larger version (111K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 3A —53-year-old woman with palpable nodule on right outer breast but no MRI correlation. Note that fat suppression, although subtle, is more uniform on sagittal T2-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) image (TR/TE, 6,750/98.8) (A) than on STIR (6,700/70.3) (B) sequence, especially in adipose areas surrounding glandular tissue (asterisks, B). This results in insensitivity of IDEAL to B1 inhomogeneities.

View larger version (120K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 3B —53-year-old woman with palpable nodule on right outer breast but no MRI correlation. Note that fat suppression, although subtle, is more uniform on sagittal T2-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) image (TR/TE, 6,750/98.8) (A) than on STIR (6,700/70.3) (B) sequence, especially in adipose areas surrounding glandular tissue (asterisks, B). This results in insensitivity of IDEAL to B1 inhomogeneities.

View larger version (90K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 4A —35-year-old man with Crohn's disease and perianal fistula. Axial fast spin-echo 2D T2-weighted fat-suppressed iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) image (TR/TE, 5,117/116) (A) and corresponding non-IDEAL fat-saturated fast spin-echo image (10,000/119) (B) show fistula track (arrows) arising from left lateral wall of anus and coursing posteriorly to extend through internal and external sphincters. Note that fat suppression is less uniform in traditional chemically fat-suppressed image (asterisks, B).

View larger version (91K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 4B —35-year-old man with Crohn's disease and perianal fistula. Axial fast spin-echo 2D T2-weighted fat-suppressed iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) image (TR/TE, 5,117/116) (A) and corresponding non-IDEAL fat-saturated fast spin-echo image (10,000/119) (B) show fistula track (arrows) arising from left lateral wall of anus and coursing posteriorly to extend through internal and external sphincters. Note that fat suppression is less uniform in traditional chemically fat-suppressed image (asterisks, B).

View larger version (127K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5A —46-year-old woman with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. All images were obtained from single 20-second acquisition (TR/TE, 6.9/2). Note evident signal decrease between in-phase (A) and opposed-phase (B) iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) images, with some sparing of subcapsular anterior parenchyma (arrows, B).

View larger version (126K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5B —46-year-old woman with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. All images were obtained from single 20-second acquisition (TR/TE, 6.9/2). Note evident signal decrease between in-phase (A) and opposed-phase (B) iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) images, with some sparing of subcapsular anterior parenchyma (arrows, B).

View larger version (122K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 5C —46-year-old woman with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. All images were obtained from single 20-second acquisition (TR/TE, 6.9/2). Fatty deposition is also clearly seen on IDEAL fat-only image, in which signal is much higher in liver than in spleen. Note that spared area appears to have lower signal (arrowheads), as expected in latter fat-only image. Water-only image is not shown.

View larger version (116K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 6A —49-year-old woman with right adrenal adenoma. Note high signal indicating fat in the lesion (arrow) on the axial T1-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) fat-only image.

View larger version (116K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 6B —49-year-old woman with right adrenal adenoma. The presence of fat can also be inferred from signal decrease between in-phase (B) and opposed-phase (C) images. IDEAL water-only image is not shown (TR/TE, 6.1/2.2).

View larger version (132K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 6C —49-year-old woman with right adrenal adenoma. The presence of fat can also be inferred from signal decrease between in-phase (B) and opposed-phase (C) images. IDEAL water-only image is not shown (TR/TE, 6.1/2.2).

View larger version (105K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 7A —70-year-old man with right renal angiomyolipoma. Lesion (L) consists of fat as shown in gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) fat-only image (TR/TE, 6.1/2.2).

View larger version (89K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 7B —70-year-old man with right renal angiomyolipoma. Marked low signal in IDEAL water-only image confirms this fat prevalence.

View larger version (104K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 7C —70-year-old man with right renal angiomyolipoma. In-phase (C) and opposed-phase (D) images show india ink artifact at boundary with renal parenchyma (arrowhead, D) and no clear signal decrease in mass because it is predominantly macroscopic fat.

View larger version (116K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 7D —70-year-old man with right renal angiomyolipoma. In-phase (C) and opposed-phase (D) images show india ink artifact at boundary with renal parenchyma (arrowhead, D) and no clear signal decrease in mass because it is predominantly macroscopic fat.

View larger version (145K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 8A —48-year-old woman with ovarian dermoid. Gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted water-only image (TR/TE, 6.9/2) shows complex mass (M) posterior to uterus.

View larger version (145K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 8B —48-year-old woman with ovarian dermoid. Corresponding fat-only image shows that superior half of lesion is predominantly composed of fat, suggesting the specific diagnosis.

View larger version (151K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 8C —48-year-old woman with ovarian dermoid. In-phase (C) and opposed-phase (D) images are shown, and india ink artifact is clearly seen at water–fat interfaces (arrowhead, D). Note also uterine enlargement and nabothian cyst in uterine cervix.

View larger version (157K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 8D —48-year-old woman with ovarian dermoid. In-phase (C) and opposed-phase (D) images are shown, and india ink artifact is clearly seen at water–fat interfaces (arrowhead, D). Note also uterine enlargement and nabothian cyst in uterine cervix.

View larger version (142K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 9A —60-year-old woman with subcutaneous lipoma in right anterosuperior chest wall. Lump (L) is fat-containing lesion as shown in axial single-shot T2-weighted fast spin-echo images without (TR/TE, 2,401/306) (A) and with (2,429/306) (B) fat suppression. Note some regions of poor fat suppression in posterior area (arrowhead, B).

View larger version (133K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 9B —60-year-old woman with subcutaneous lipoma in right anterosuperior chest wall. Lump (L) is fat-containing lesion as shown in axial single-shot T2-weighted fast spin-echo images without (TR/TE, 2,401/306) (A) and with (2,429/306) (B) fat suppression. Note some regions of poor fat suppression in posterior area (arrowhead, B).

View larger version (113K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 9C —60-year-old woman with subcutaneous lipoma in right anterosuperior chest wall. Thin capsule and septation (arrow) in lesion are better appreciated on axial gradient-recalled echo T1-weighted iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) fat-only image (7/2).

View larger version (127K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   Fig. 9D —60-year-old woman with subcutaneous lipoma in right anterosuperior chest wall. As expected, no signal is seen in corresponding IDEAL water-only image.

CiteULike

Complore

Connotea

Del.icio.us

Digg

Reddit

Technorati