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Fig. 2A. —Computer-rendered surgical illustration series showing partial nephrectomy procedure. (Reprinted with permission from [2]) This illustration shows reuse of part of original image. By placing specific parts of illustration, such as background, incision line, tumor, and instruments, on separate layers, illustrator has flexibility of editing each layer independently or completely turning each layer on or off. This illustration also incorporates three-dimensional CT reconstruction on background layer. It would be difficult to incorporate this CT image with traditional media. Although X-ray film has been painted over in past, computer allows much more flexibility for this process. In B, numeral 1 shows tumor removal, 2 indicates repair and closure of collecting system, and 3 shows injection of methylene blue into collecting system to detect any leaky areas.

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