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Fig. 5. Drawing shows pathophysiologic schema for development of
different types of gastric carcinoid tumors. Type I carcinoid tumors are small
benign tumors, arising in setting of chronic atrophic gastritis and chronic
hypergastrinemia. Type II tumors can be large and polypoid; arise in patients
with multiple endocrine neoplasia-type I and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome; and
are prone to nodal metastasis. Type III tumors, which are not associated with
hypergastrinemic state, are large, sporadic, solitary tumors prone to nodal
and hepatic metastases, as well as to carcinoid syndrome.
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