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Fig. 6. —43-year-old man with renal cell carcinoma in left kidney.
Coronal late arterial phase gadolinium-enhanced 3D spoiled gradient-echo
T1-weighted image (TR/TE, 5.7/2.1; flip angle, 12°) shows left upper pole
mass with enhancing heterogeneous tumor thrombus extending into left renal
vein (arrows) but not into inferior vena cava. This finding was
confirmed at surgery. Lack of enhancement of infrarenal inferior vena cava
gives false impression of thrombus on this early gadolinium-enhanced
image.
