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Fig. 3C. —41-year-old patient with invasive ductal carcinoma, grade
III, studied while undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment. MRI was
performed using contrast-enhanced 3D fast gradient-recalled echo pulse
sequence (TR/TE, 8/4.2; flip angle, 20°; 18-cm field of view, 2-mm slice
thickness, 256 x 192 acquisition matrix). Patient presented with 71
cm3 (6.2-cm diameter) tumor and experienced increase in MRI tumor
volume throughout treatment (28% overall increase). At surgery, 8 cm of
residual disease and nine involved lymph nodes were identified. Patient
experienced disease recurrence 8 months after surgery. Maximum intensity
projection (top) with corresponding tumor volume segmentation for
representative sagittal slice (bottom) acquired after completion of
four cycles of chemotherapy. In this subject, several large blood vessels
visible on maximum intensity projections were omitted from analyses, as
described in Subjects and Methods, to avoid contributions to tumor volume
calculations.
